Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'restoration'
Tutkimuksia suonpohjien jälkikäyttömahdollisuuksista Irlannissa.
English title: Tomorrow's landscapes: studies in the after-uses of industrial cutaway peatland in Ireland.
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With the cessation of industrial peat harvesting, there is an opportunity to create new landscapes that can confer both socio-economic and ecological benefits. This paper reviews over 50 years of study in the after-use potential of industrial cutaway peatlands in Ireland. The options for after-use are determined to a large extent by the residual peat type, hydrological constraints, geographic location and economic considerations. Over the years, the main areas of investigation have included commercially driven options such as agriculture, forestry, and biomass production, as well as the more ecological and environmental options such as dryland recolonisation and wetland creation/restoration. In that time, the emphasis has continually changed as new research has emerged, in turn directing and shaping decision-making. By 2050, around 80000 ha of harvested peatlands will have become available for other uses. As such, a coherent post-harvesting strategy, underpinned by previous and future research, is essential in order to maximise the potential of these new ecosystems.
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Renou,
School of Biology and Environmental Science, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dubline, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Egan, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Wilson, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Quantitative simulation of biochemical processes in peatlands as a tool to define sustainable use.
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A natural property of mires is their ability to accumulate carbon and nutrients in the form of peat.Drainage and agricultural land use have changed the nutrient balance from accumulation to mobilisation.In this study, the effect of land use and hydrology on nitrogen dynamics is quantified using a GIS-based dynamic modelling approach.In the simulation, the nitrogen budget is controlled by drainage depth, land use type and fertilizer application.Denitrification is, next to harvest, the quantitatively most impor tant output pathway from peat soils with a predominant vertical water flow.Only for the wet Caricion elatae type was a net nitrogen accumulation simulated.The spatial visualisation of the nitrogen balance shows a high variability based on the heterogene ity of the peatland.Rewetting and extensivication can reduce the deficit in the nitrogen balance and lead to a slight increase of the accumulating area.These simulation results can be used in environmental planning to define a more sustainable land use in the future.
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Trepel,
Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Section of Environmental Chemistry, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Davidsson, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Jørgensen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Metsätalouden vesistöhaittojen torjuminen ojitetuista soista muodostettujen puskurivyöhykkeiden avulla.
English title: Prevention of detrimental impacts of forestry operations on water bodies using buffer zones created from drained peatlands.
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Before large-scale drainage, the outflowing water from forests was naturally filtered through peatlands. The even topography, dense moss cover and the favourable physical, chemical and biological properties of surface peat facilitate versatile buffering functions in these systems. In addition to retaining suspended solids, peatlands may act as traps for nutrients or harmful metals.
Major part of these buffering systems have been lost as a result of forestry drainage. Restoring drained peatlands, being potentially well suited to act as a buffer zone between forestry land and a watercourse, is the major reason for rewetting outside nature reserves. Potentially each drainage area should include a restored part through which waters both from the drainage area itself and from the surrounding upland forest catchment would be filtered.
Preliminary results from three experimental catchments show that buffer zones restored from drained peatlands may be succesfully used in decreasing the detrimental impacts forestry operations may have on adjacent water courses. Long-term monitoring is, however, required for the quantitative assessment of the buffer efficiency.
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Sallantaus,
Pirkanmaa Regional Environment Centre, P.O.Box 297, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Vasander, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Laine, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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