Suo - Mires and peat 55 (2004)
Viljeltyjen turve- ja multamaiden pinta-ala ja alueellinen jakauma Suomessa.
English title: The area and distribution of cultivated organic soils in Finland.
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The area of cultivated organic soils, and their distribution in Finland were estimated.
The estimation was based on the soil classification data collected by three authorised
soil testing laboratories, and the statistics of the arable land area. The data was collected
in a five year period (1998-2002). During this period, over 90% of farms received
environmental EU supplement and had their soils analysed. Therefore, the reliability of
the estimation was now better than it used to be before Finland joined the European
Union. In the Finnish soil classification system, organic soils are divided into two classes
depending on their organic matter content. The area of organic soils with the organic
matter content of ≥40% (m/m) (i.e. peat) was 85000 ha, i.e. 3.8% of the arable area. The
area of organic soils with the organic matter content of 20-39.9% (m/m) and often with
a mineral subsoil, was 214 000 ha i.e. 9.7% of the arable area. Altogether, the area of
these soils was 300 000 ha i.e. 13.6% of the total arable area in Finland.
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Myllys,
Maa- ja elintarviketalouden tutkimuskeskus MTT, Maaperä ja ympäristö 31600 Jokioinen
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Sinkkonen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Vegetation patterns in a cut-away peatland in relation to abiotic and biotic factors: a case study from the Sumava Mts., Czech Rebuplic.
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We studied the natural regeneration of a cut-over peat bog in the Sumava Mountains,
Czech Republic. The spontaneous revegetation by vascular plants has been limited by
extreme abiotic conditions left after peat mining. Only 1-2% of the total area was
recolonized by Sphagnum mosses. This was mainly because drainage channels are still
drying out the bog. Only plants tolerant to water stress such as Juncus effusus, Molinia
caerulea, Eriophorum angustifolium and E. vaginatum were able to establish there. A
key species colonizing bare surface is a clonal plant E. angustifolium. It forms circular
polycormons of densely aggregated ramets. As in other radially spreading phalanx plants,
the oldest (central) part of the system gradually dies, previously connected ramets become
separated, and ring polycormon becomes open to recolonization by other plant
species. We analyzed the relationships between species richness of the ring and their
size, percentage litter cover, distance to seed sources, and soil fertility. The number of
plant species was higher in the middle of the polycormons. The soil was more fertile in
the central area than in the surroundings. We conclude that the restoration of highly
disturbed habitats can be facilitated by clonal behavior of pioneer populations.
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Lanta,
Faculty of Bilogical Sciences, University of South bohemia, Branisovska 31, CZ-370 05 Ceske Budejovice, CzechRebuplic
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Doležal, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Samata, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Jatkolannoitusten vaikutus männyn (Pinus sylvestris L.) tilavuuskasvuun ja neulasten ravinnepitoisuuksiin ojitetulla rämeellä.
English title: The effect of repeated fertilizations on volume growth and needle nutrient concentrations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on a drained pine mire.
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The nutritional status of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands growing on a nitrogen-rich,
drained pine mire in western Finland was studied after refertilization using needle
analysis and the response of stand volume growth. The main aim was to find out if K-refertilization
alone could maintain or increase the volume growth without causing a
nutrient imbalance between K and P. The initial fertilization was carried out in 1961 -
62 using PK fertilizer and refertilized in 1976 and 1989 with different combinations of
nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and boron (B). Needle samples were taken
and the tree stands were measured in 1996 and 2001. Peat samples were taken in 2002.
According to the needle analysis results, the concentration of P was above the deficiency
level in all the treatments in 1995 and 2000. There was a clear shortage of K in
the needles collected from the control treatment, but the concentration of K was still
adequate 12 years after the latest K refertilization. The volume growth of the stands
clearly responded to the 1976 refertilization with K alone, which was probably due to
the fact that trees had been suffering from K deficiency before the first refertilization
and 14-15 years thereafter. After the second refertilization, the combination of K and P
increased the annual volume growth more than refertilization with K alone. This indicates
that about 25 years after the initial fertilization, there was already some shortage
of P. The highest stand volume was associated with the combined K (1976) and PK
(1989) refertilization treatment. Refertilization with N did not increase stand volumes
during the study period.
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Rautjärvi,
The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Joensuu Research Centre, Box 68, FIN-80101 Joensuu
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Kaunisto, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Tolonen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Follow up characterisation of rhizoplane streptomycetes isolates of Cyprouspapyrus from an Egyptian wetland and their antimicrobial activities.
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Tekijä
The area of cultivated organic soils, and their distribution in Finland were estimated.
The estimation was based on the soil classification data collected by three authorised
soil testing laboratories, and the statistics of the arable land area. The data was collected
in a five year period (1998-2002). During this period, over 90% of farms received
environmental EU supplement and had their soils analysed. Therefore, the reliability of
the estimation was now better than it used to be before Finland joined the European
Union. In the Finnish soil classification system, organic soils are divided into two classes
depending on their organic matter content. The area of organic soils with the organic
matter content of 240% (dm) (i.e. peat) was 85000 ha, i.e. 3.8% of the arable area. The
area of organic soils with the organic matter content of 20-39.9% (dm) and ofien with
a mineral subsoil, was 214 000 ha i.e. 9.7% of the arable area. Altogether, the area of
these soils was 300 000 ha i.e. 13.6% of the total arable area in Finland.
Keywords: organic soil, peatland, mire cultivation, arable area, soil
-
Rifaat,
Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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