Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'downy birch'
Koivun soveltuvuus suonpohjien metsittämisessä Irlannissa.
English title: The potential of birch afforestation as an after-use option for industrial cutaway peatlands.
Avainsanat:
fertilization;
Biomass;
natural regeneration;
downy birch;
cutaway peatlands;
sowing;
shelter
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In the next few decades, industrial peat extraction will cease gradually over more than 80,000 hectares of cutaway peatlands in Ireland and alternative land uses will change the landscape of these areas. This study showed that substantial natural regeneration of downy birch (Betula pubescens) can occur on abandoned as well as cutaway peatlands afforested with conifers. Natural seedling birch stands measured in this study had an estimated biomass production of between 3100 and 5800 kg dry matter ha–1 year–1. This corresponded to an annual carbon stock increment estimated at between 1500 and 2900 kg C ha–1. Direct sowing experiments conducted in this study were the first of their kind in Ireland and showed that sowing downy birch and fertilization with P and K could be a possible management option for the after-use of cutaway peatlands. Exposure was the main obstacle to successful germination and artificial shelter led to higher rates of germination and survival of birch seedlings after the first winter. It can be concluded that birch (naturally or artificially established) can be a feature of this future landscape, bringing many attributes: nurse species, biomass, increased woodland cover and biodiversity.
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Renou-Wilson,
F. Renou-Wilson, School of Biology and Environmental Science, Agriculture and Food Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4. Tel: +353 17167725; Fax: +353 17161102; email: Florence.Renou@ucd.ie
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Pöllänen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Byrne, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Wilson, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Farrell, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Turvemaapeltojen maan ominaisuudet ja niiden vaikutus hieskoivujen alkukehitykseen Pohjois-Savossa.
English title: Soil properties of peat-based fields and their effect on the initial development of downy birch in Pohjois-Savo, southern Finland.
Avainsanat:
Bulk density;
nutrients;
downy birch;
growth disorder;
nutrient relations;
peat based field
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The present study looked into the soil properties of twenty-four peat-based field by
examining the 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm soil layers and thc effect that soil
properties have on the initial development of young stands of downy birch growing in
Pohjois-Savo, southern Finland. Adding of mineral soil to peat-based fields and the
decomposition and subsidence of peat had resulted in increasing the bulk density of the
peat, especially in the tilling layer. Also, the amounts of nutrients in the tilling layer
were higher than in the layer below. Together with fertilization, the addition of mineral
soil had increased the soil's nutrient amounts manyfold compared to virgin mires and
mires drained for forestry. Eighthy-one per cent of the trees were alive. The share of
viable trees had fallen to half of the planting density, being now just 840 trees per
hectar. The increase in the amount of extractable potassium and total copper in the soil
improved the growth of young stands and reduced the proportion of trees of inferior
quality. Growth disorders were observed in downy birch, and these were probably caused
by increases in the ratios of the amounts of main nutrients and micro-nutrients in the
soil. The ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus to copper was reflected best of all in the
growth of young stands. An increase in the amount of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in
relation to the amount of soil copper impaired stand growth and promoted the occurrence
of trees afflicted by growth disorders.
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Hynönen,
Pohjois-Savo Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 1019, FIN-70101 Kuopio, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Makkonen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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