Suo - Mires and peat vol. 39 no. 1-2 | 1988
Ojituksen ja lannoituksen vaikutus turpeen hiilen vapautumiseen ja ravinteiden mineralisoitumiseen.
English title: Effect of drainage and fertilization on carbon output and nutrient mineralization of peat.
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Carbon dioxide production increased to 2-3 fold from the peat of an oligotrophic sedge pine mire (VSR) after draining had lowered the water table to a depth c, 0.5 m. At two other sites, a mesotrophic sedge pine mire (RhSR) and a spruce swamp (MK), both the fall in the groundwater table and the increase in C02 production were smaller. At the VSR site, the fast-dissolving PK fertilizer and urea each caused a rapid increase while the slow-dissolving PK fertilizer a slow increase in soil respiration. The greatest, steady increase was achieved by treatment with wood ash. At RhSR and MK sites, the use of fertilizers generally led to a decline in soil respiration for 1-2 years, after which the initial level was normally regained. According to a simulation of the C02 production after drainage, the annual decomposition of peat was calculated to be c. 1 000 g (organic matter) m-2 in the VSR site. On the basis of this decomposition rate, the annual amount of nitrogen mineralizated was estimated to be c. 100 kg ha-1 and that of phosphorus c. 5 kg ha-1. Peat contains only a small amount of potassium, and the decomposition of old peat layers increases the amount of soluble potassium in peat very little.
Keywords: Carbon balance, drainage, fertilization, nutrient mineralization, peat decomposition
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Silvola,
Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, SF-80101 Joensuu, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Ravinteiden huuhtoutuminen talvella lannoitetulta metsäojitusalueelta.
English title: Leaching of nutrients from a peatland area after fertilizer application on snow.
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Runoff from 16 artificial minibasins was sampled after fertilizer application before snowmelt in March and after it in May. Extremely high concentrations of phosphorus, potassium and ammonium were observed during the snowmelt period in April.
Key words: fertilization, leaching, peatland, phosphorus
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Ahti,
Finnish Forest Research Institute, Department of Peatland Forestry, P.O. Box 18,01301 Vantaa, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Paarlahti, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Ojitustilanne Etelä- ja Keski-Suomen sekä Pohjanmaa-Kainuun alueella.
English title: A survey of peat-land drainage activity in southern and central Finland.
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The results of a survey of 254 random sample plots, each 1 km2 in area and covering 1 543 km of mire transect line are reported. 74% of the peat-land encountered were drained with open ditch networks for forestry purposes. Of those 19% were classified as recently drained, 66% as transitional, 10% as transformed peat-moor peatlands, and 5% as being under the influence of nearby drainage. Drainage activity had been most often carried out on spruce mires, pine bogs, combination types, and rich fens and to a lesser extent on poor fens/bog hollows. The nutrient status and peat thickness had been taken into account only to a limited extent although ombrotrophic peatlands had been drained to a lesser extent than rich peatlands. There was an increasing tendency to extend drainage activities to thick, ombrotrophic mire types. 17% of peatland under the influence of drainage (750 000 ha) are unsuitable for forestry purposes. Considered within each unsuitable mire type more than 50% of their area is drained.
Keywords: Drainage, Finland, mire types, peatland
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Eurola,
Department of Botany, University of Oulu, Linnanmaa, SF-90570 Oulu, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Aapala, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Kokko, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Metsäojitettujen turvemaiden ravinnevaroista ja niiden riittävyydestä.
English title: On nutrient amounts and their sufficiency for wood production on drained peatlands.
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Generally in peat soils but especially in the old forest drainage areas the amount of potassium is low compared with that of nitrogen (ab. 1:100) and phosphorus (ab. 1:4). However, the amount of potassium fixed in tree biomass is about four times the amount of phosphorus. When estimating the future sufficiency of potassium for wood production in old drainage areas after one rotation (drainage 75 years earlier), it seems that on nitrogen-rich deep-peat pine mires potassium stores become exhausted during the second rotation after drainage if potassium is not applied.
Key words: Fertilization, peat nutrient stores, potassium, transformed mires
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Kaunisto,
The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Parkano Research Station, SF-39700 Parkano, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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