Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'stratigraphy'
Turvestratigrafisen tutkimuksen historiasta ja kvartaaritieteellisestä merkityksestä Pohjoismaissa.
English title: On the history and Quaternary scientific significance of peat stratigraphical research in the Nordic countries.
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The early development of peat stratigraphical research was concentrated in the Nordic countries. Although this field of science originated in Denmark at the beginning of the 19th century, the most important pioneer of palaeoecological peatland research was the Norwegian, Axel Blytt. His model, as modified by the Swedish scientist Rutger Sernander, spread throughout Europe and from there to other continents and has had a major impact on peat stratigraphy and Quaternary science. However, our present knowledge of the regional differences in postglacial vegetation and climate history speaks against the use of the Blytt-Sernander scheme outside southern Scandinavia. Especially, the compulsive application of the Blytt-Sernander scheme in the zoning of pollen diagrams has lead to distortions and erroneous interpretations.
Keywords: Nordic countries, peat stratigraphy, postglacial climate history, pollen analysis
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Seppä,
Department of Geography, Laboratory of Physical Geography, P.O. Box 9, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Preliminary estimate of long-term carbon accumulation and loss in 25 boreal peatlands.
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The rate of carbon accumulation (RCA) was studied stratigraphically in individual vertical cores representing 25 mires in Finland, Estonia and Maine, USA. Carbon 14-datings (325 in total) were used for dating long cores encompassing all or most of the Holocene. The apparent long-term RCA (g m-2 a-1) in Finnish raised bogs and fens ranged from 13 to 41 and from 8 to 25, respectively, and in Maine bogs from 20 to 26 and in a single fen 27. Between and within core variations were great. In Finnish mires the true RCA, as derived from Clymo's peat accumulation model for long cores, was usually about 2/3 of the apparent long-term RCA. A change from intensive decay in the surface layers to very slow decay in deeper peat layers was dated to between some 300-500 years ago.
Key words: Climatic change, organic matter, stratigraphy
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Tolonen,
Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box III, FIN-80I01, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Vasander, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Damman, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Clymo, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Espoon keidassoiden luonteesta ja kehityksestä — esimerkkinä Nupurilan Kotasuo.
English title: On the character and development of the raised bogs in Espoo, Southern Finland — exemplified by the Kotasuo bog.
Avainsanat:
mire types;
Cladoceran stratigraphy;
mire evolution;
mire stratigraphy;
terrestrialization
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Present character and natural history of 13 raised bogs in Espoo, S. Finland were studied by means of morphological, ecological and palaeo-eco-logical methods including 11 radiocarbon datings. Special attention was paid to the hydroseral development of Kotasuo bog by using plant and Cladoceran remains in the interpretation of ancient lake basins terrestriali-zation. The bogs were divided into three morphological groups according to their gross morphological (Grossform) features. The main type of mire formation was showed to be terrestrialization. Filling-in of the ancient lake basins was most common during the late boreal and early subboreal periods. The first mire type in Kotasuo was floristically rich, luxurious Phrag-mites-Typha-Carex fen.
Keywords: Cladoceran stratigraphy, mire evolution, mire stratigraphy, mire types, terrestrialization
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Korhola,
Department of Geography, University of Helsinki, Hallituskatu 11, SF-00100 Helsinki, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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