Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'mycorrhiza'
Kasvualustan kuivumisen vaikutukset rahkasaraturpeeseen istutettujen männyntaimien ensikehitykseen.
English title: High and dry: Consequences of drought exposure in Scots pine seedlings grown in authentic peat soil.
Original keywords:
männyntaimet;
Pinus sylvestris;
kuivuus;
rahkasaraturve;
fotosynteesin tehokkuus (Fv/ Fm);
mykorritsat;
polyamiinit;
juurten ja versojen kasvu
English keywords:
drought;
Fv/Fm;
mycorrhizal colonization;
Pinus sylvestris seedlings;
poly-amines;
root and shoot growth;
Sphagnum-Carex peat
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Should the frequency of drought increase in boreal forests due to climate change, seedlings planted in prepared peat mounds could become more susceptible to soil desiccation. The resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings to drought will thus be a key factor in the regeneration success of pine-dominated, forestry-drained peatlands. In this study, we evaluated the physiological, metabolic, and morphological responses of year-old seedlings gradually exposed to extreme drought in highly decomposed Sphagnum-Carex peat blocks. Drought clearly suppressed root and shoot growth as well as fractional colonization of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Sustained declines in photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of previous-year and current-year needles did not occur until the volumetric soil water content had dropped to 30% and 10%, respectively. Polyamine analysis revealed that new needles are preferred in protecting the different parts of the seedlings against drought stress. Despite growth losses, the maintenance of rather high photochemical efficiency in current-year needles under severe water stress would appear to indicate a potential for seedling recovery if water availability in the peat improved. Given the high tolerance exhibited by Scots pine seedlings, death by drought seems a lesser concern.
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Pearson,
Finnish Forest Research Institute, Parkano Research Unit, Kaironiementie 15, FI-39700 Parkano, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Saarinen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Heiskanen, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Sarjala, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Laine, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Ectomycorrhizae in Scots pine seedlings at different trophic levels of a drained mire. A preliminary study.
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The mycorrhizal infection of the roots of four-year-old Scots pine seedlings was stud ied by analysing root ergosterol, endogenous polyamines, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations after two years in the field.The seedlings had been planted in a 25-year-old pine plantation on an originally treeless mire representing a wide peat nitrogen gradient.Common mycorrhizal types with Scots pine, such as Cenococcum Piloderma and Boletaceae types, and a number of unidentified types were found in the roots.The roots contained quite normal or a little lower levels of ergosterol than re ported elsewhere on tree roots in mineral soil forests.After two growing seasons in the field a positive correlation (r =0.584**)was found between the root ergosterol and peat nitrogen concentrations.The root ergosterol and spermidine concentrations correlated positively.This may be due to a more abundant physical presence of the fungal tissue which contains more spermidine than the other polyamines, or it may be due to a posi tive effect of the mycorrhizal fungi on the metabolic activity of the roots.
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Sarjala,
Finnish Forest Research Institute, Parkano Research Station, Kaironiementie 54, FIN-39700 Parkano, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
- Kaunisto, Sähköposti: ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Factors affecting fine root dynamics of trees.
Avainsanat:
fertilization;
Carbon budget;
fine root production;
liming;
minirhizotron;
mycorrhiza;
root tip;
soil temperature;
soil water
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Perhaps the most important function of the fine root system of forest trees is in the uptake of water and mineral nutrients. To perform this function adequately, the root system must be extensive and active enough to meet the needs of the canopy. Literature indicates that fine root production is substantial and that the seasonal pattern of fine root production is different from that of foliage production. Carbon incorporation into the soil in the form of dead roots is an important pathway in the total carbon flow through forest ecosystems. Root growth is sensitive to various climatic factors which are often imposed or strengthened by human activities. Factors that lead to growth suspension may or may not be the same as those that result in root shedding or senescence. The use of minirhizo-trons to study fine root dynamics means that ecologists are no longer justified in claiming that below-ground production is impossible to quantify in forest ecosystems.
Keywords: Carbon budget, fine root production, liming, fertilization, minirhizotron, mycorrhiza, root tip, soil temperature, soil water
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Persson,
Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7072, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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