Artikkelit jotka sisältää sanan 'excavator'
Kaivinkoneiden tuottavuus, työnjälki ja kustannukset maanmuokkauksessa turvemailla.
English title: The productivity, work quality and the operation costs of excavators in site preparation on peatlands.
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Four excavators were studied in site preparation in different excavation difficulty classes (1-3) during the unfrozen period in the central and the northern Ostrobothnia in western Finland. In mounding the mean productivity (per effective hour) of the excavators was 0.17 ha h-1 and in scarification 0.32 ha h-1, respectively. The work quality was acceptable. In mounding and scarification, the mean number of planting positions was about 3600 per hectare. The mean height of the mound was about 28 cm, the mean dimensions of the scarified surface being 330 cm x 75 cm. The operation costs were 268-388 FIM per hour, if the price of the excavator was 400 000-1000 000 FIM.
Key words: excavator, mounding, scarification, work studies.
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Lauhanen,
The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Kannus Research Station, FIN-69100 Kannus, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Kaivukaluston aiheuttamat puustovauriot kunnostusojituksessa.
English title: Tree damage caused by excavating machines in ditch network maintenance.
Avainsanat:
forest drainage;
excavator;
ditch cleaning;
work studies;
backhoe;
ditch digging;
environmental protection
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An inventory of tree damage caused by five excavators, four backhoes and one small-size single-track backhoe was carried out in western Finland during the frost free season. The proportion of damaged trees was 1.1-2.4 % in tree stands ditched using backhoes and excavators, if the ditch lines had been opened in advance. The corresponding proportion caused by the single-track backhoe was 0.9%, if the ditch lines had not been opened in advance. The damage to tree stands was affected by the machine type, the work type and the width of the opened ditch line. Excavators caused more stem damage in the ditch cleaning than backhoes did (p<0.02). The mean distances of the damaged trees from the center line of the ditch were 226-264 cm on the work sites ditched using backhoes and excavators. The mean DBH of the damaged trees was 8-10 cm depending on work and machine type. The optimum width of the ditch line for the different machine types was assumed to be 400-500 cm when considering the growth losses of tree stand, the tree damage and the work productivity.
Keywords: backhoe, ditch cleaning, ditch digging, environmental protection, excavator, forest drainage, work studies
R. Lauhanen, The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Kannus Research Station, FIN-69101 Kannus, Finland
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Lauhanen,
The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Kannus Research Station, FIN-69101 Kannus, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
Kaivukoneiden ajankäyttö ja tuottavuus metsäojituksessa.
English title: Time consumption and productivity of excavators in forest drainage.
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The distribution of effective time, output and work quality of three medium-sized excavators were observed in a time study. The distribution of operation time and productivity were included in a follow-up study. Digging time varied between 81-91%. Average availability was 85% and the productivity/operation time 157 m/h during ditch digging. The corresponding values during ditch cleaning were 89% and 221 m/h.
Keywords: Digger, ditching, effective time, excavator, operation time
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Salo,
Pappilantie 2, SF-60550 Nurmo, Finland
Sähköposti:
ei.tietoa@nn.oo
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