Artikkelin koko teksti on saatavilla vain PDF-formaatissa.

Tapio Lindholm (email), Harri Vasander

Männyn kasvu ja uudistuminen luonnontilaisella ja ojitetulla sekä lannoitetulla keidasrämeellä

Lindholm T., Vasander H. Männyn kasvu ja uudistuminen luonnontilaisella ja ojitetulla sekä lannoitetulla keidasrämeellä.

English title: Growth and regeneration of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) on virgin, drained and fertilized raised bog sites in Lammi, Southern Finland

Tiivistelmä

The effect of draining and fertilization on the radial and height growth of Scots pine has been studied on an ombrotrophic bog Laaviosuo in the vicinity of Lammi Biological Station. The study site represents a southern Finnish raised bog with Calluna vulgaris — Empetrum nigrum — Sphagnum fuscum -hummocks and Eriophorum vagi-natum — Sphagnum angustifolium or Sphagnum majus — S. balticum -hollows. Total thickness of the peat layer is 5—7 m with a 2—3 m of Sphagnum peat on the surface. Part of the bog (6 ha) was drained in 1966 and fertilized in 1970 (N as urea 100 kg/ha plus PK fertilizer 400 kg/ha). This study is part of a project concerning the comparative analysis of virgin and forest-improved mire ecosystems (Ruuhijärvi et al. 1979). Height growth of pines during 15 last years was measured with the accuracy of 1 cm from 37 trees in the virgin site, 23 trees in the site with only drainage and 27 trees in the drained and fertilized site during the autumns 1978 and 1979. In addition seven trees from a virgin dwarf shrub pine bog near the marginal slope of Laaviosuo were measured for comparison in the autumn 1978. Radial growth was measured in 1979 from 17, 10, 10 and 7 trees, respectively, with the accuracy of 0.01 mm. All the measured trees were selected randomly. At the same time we counted all the trees and seedlings from a sample area both in the virgin and fertilized sites. In the virgin bog the size of the sample area was 1.92 ha and in the fertilized area 1.60 ha for trees and 0.88 ha for seedlings. Height of all seedlings was measured with the accuracy of 10 cm and breast height diameter (d1.3) of trees with the accuracy of 1 cm. Growth of trees in the virgin bog site was very low: height growth about 3 cm and radial growth: 0.2 mm annually (Fig. 1, 2). In dwarf shrub pine bog the corresponding values were about 9 cm and 0.6 mm. Mere draining had very little effect (about 1 cm) on the height growth (Fig. 1.). Radial growth increased more clearly (Fig. 2). However, the figures exaggerate the situation because the trees have been measured very near the ditches (about 1—8 m). Trees which have grown at a distance of less than about 3 m from the ditches have incresed their radial growth, but others growing further away have not. This increases the variation as seen in Fig. 2. In practise, if this kind of ombrotrophic bog is drained fertilization with all macro-nutrient (N, P, K) is needed. Effect of fertilization is very similar on radial and height growth with the difference that height growth always reacts one year later (Fig. 1, 2). Maximum growth (about 35 cm and 3.2 mm) was reached in 1973 and 1974, respectively, after which the growth decreased almost as quickly as it had increased. In ombrotrophic sites the effect of fertilization is known to last less than ten years (Huikari & Paavilainen 1972 and Ipatiev & Paavilainen 1975). Only refertilization could possibly secure the continuing of tree growth. Fertilizing has changed also the size-classes of trees and seedlings (Fig. 5,6). Number of trees has increased from 470 per ha in the virgin area to 1390 per ha in the drained and fertilized area. The tree volume increment has been six-fold (from 1.3 to 8 m3/ha). Number of pine seedlings increased from 7100 per ha to 15300 per ha. There were also 2060 birch seedlings per ha in the fertilized area. Especially hollows have become stocked with seedlings. All these seedlings must compete with dense shrub layer for the nutrients but its effect on the mortality of seedlings can not yet be known. Mere draining seemed to have no effect on the population structure of seedlings. The present volume of the pine stand in the fertilized area, 8 m3/ha on average, is of the same magnitude as Heikurainens (1971) average values for virgin cottongrass pine bogs. However, drainage of cotton-grass pine bogs and Sphagnum fuscum pine bogs with so scarce pine stands seems to be economically questionable (Heikurainen 1973). Thus according to our results, even after the drainage and NPK fertilization the tree stand of this site type is still so low that the drainage and fertilization of such ombrotrophic pine bogs is probably unprofitable.

Tekijät
  • Lindholm, Sähköposti ei.tietoa@nn.oo (sähköposti)
  • Vasander, Sähköposti ei.tietoa@nn.oo

Vastaanotettu 31.10.2017 Julkaistu 1.1.1979

Katselukerrat 1331

Saatavilla http://suo.fi/article/9499 | Lataa PDF

Creative Commons License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Rekisteröidy
Click this link to register to Suo - Mires and peat.
Kirjaudu sisään
Jos olet rekisteröitynyt käyttäjä, kirjaudu sisään tallentaaksesi valitsemasi artikkelit myöhempää käyttöä varten.
Ilmoitukset päivityksistä
Kirjautumalla saat tiedotteet uudesta julkaisusta
Valitsemasi artikkelit
Lähetä sähköpostiin
Ruuhijärvi R., (1974) On the cranberry yields on peatlands Suo - Mires and peat vol. 25 no. 2 artikkeli 9423 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Mäkinen Y., (1974) On the cultivation of cloudberry Suo - Mires and peat vol. 25 no. 3-4 artikkeli 9429 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Bosse U., Frenzel P. (2001) CH4 emissions from a West Siberian mire Suo - Mires and peat vol. 52 no. 3-4 artikkeli 9816 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Haahti K., Koivusalo H. et al. (2012) Factors affecting the spatial variability of wat.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 63 no. 3-4 artikkeli 9883 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Päivänen J., (2018) Suo - Mires and peat vol. 68 no. 2-3 artikkeli 10116 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Lindholm T., Heikkilä R. et al. (2020) Mire ecosystem studies in Finland and in Russia .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 70 no. 2-3 artikkeli 10320 (poista) | Muokkaa kommenttia
Hakutulokset
Kokko A., Ojanen P. et al. (2021) Suoluontotyyppien uhanalaisuus Suo - Mires and peat vol. 71 no. 1 artikkeli 10590
Laitinen J., Ojanen P. et al. (2021) Soiden eliölajit ja niiden uhanalaisuus Suo - Mires and peat vol. 71 no. 1 artikkeli 10589
Lindholm T., Heikkilä R. et al. (2020) Mire ecosystem studies in Finland and in Russia .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 70 no. 2-3 artikkeli 10320 (poista)
Laiho R., Penttilä T. et al. (2006) Post-drainage dynamics of P uptake by trees and .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 57 no. 1 artikkeli 9845
Vasander H., (2000) Millennium Wetland Event - The biggest ever orga.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 51 no. 4 artikkeli 9808
Sallantaus T., Vasander H. et al. (1998) Prevention of detrimental impacts of forestry op.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 49 no. 4 artikkeli 9779
Vasander H., Kuusipalo J. et al. (1993) Vegetation changes after drainage and fertilizat.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 44 no. 1 artikkeli 9725
Tolonen K., Vasander H. et al. (1992) Preliminary estimate of long-term carbon accumul.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9721
Saarinen T., Tolonen K. et al. (1992) Use of 14C labelling to measure below-ground bio.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9714
Laine J., Vasander H. et al. (1992) A method to estimate the effect of forest draina.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9710
Jauhiainen J., Vasander H. et al. (1992) Differences in response of two Sphagnum species .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9707
Alm J., Tolonen K. et al. (1992) Determination of recent apparent carbon accumula.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9702
Hotanen J.-P., Vasander H. (1992) Post-drainage development of vegetation in south.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 43 no. 1 artikkeli 9687
Kaakkinen E., Salminen P. et al. (1990) Scottish blanket mires and their conservation Suo - Mires and peat vol. 41 no. 1 artikkeli 9669
Vasander H., Lindholm T. (1987) Use of mires for agricultural, berry and medical.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 38 no. 2 artikkeli 9627
Vasander H., Mikkola J. (1986) Monitoring lead emissions with moss bags near a .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 37 no. 5 artikkeli 9621
Vasander H., Lindholm T. (1985) Damage caused by Pine die-back (Ascocalyx abieti.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 36 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9607
Lindholm T., Vasander H. (1983) Suo - Mires and peat vol. 34 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9574
Vasander H., (1983) The low profitability of draining and fertilizin.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 34 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9573
Vasander H., (1982) Sampling of low volume peatland pine stands for .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 33 no. 3 artikkeli 9555
Vasander H., (1981) Nutrients in an ombrotrophic bog ecosystem in th.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 32 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9542
Solmari H., Vasander H. (1981) Plant biomass and production in LhK, MK, MkK and.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 32 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9531
Vasander H., (1981) Plant biomass and production in an ombrotrophic .. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 32 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9529
Lindholm T., Vasander H. (1979) Growth and regeneration of scots pine (Pinus syl.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 30 no. 4-5 artikkeli 9499
Vasander H., Minkkinen K. et al. (2023) Field course on peat mosses and plant biogeograp.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 74 no. 1-2 artikkeli 10820
Korpela L., Sarkkola S. et al. (2020) Suoseuran ja metsäylioppilaiden retkeily Pohjois.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 70 no. 2-3 artikkeli 10321
Elo L., Lindholm T. et al. (2018) Suoseura Virossa 2016 – keidassoita, lähdelettoj.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 67 no. 2 artikkeli 10098
Vasander H., Larmola T. et al. (2021) Suoseuran opiskelijatyöpaja soiden kestävän käyt.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 72 no. 1 artikkeli 10689
Vasander H., Salminen P. et al. (2022) In Memoriam: Suoseuran kunniajäsen, professori R.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 73 no. 2 artikkeli 10792
Vasander H., Heikkilä R. et al. (2022) In Memoriam: Tapio Lindholm 1953–2021 Suo - Mires and peat vol. 73 no. 1 artikkeli 10735
Ojanen P., Aapala K. et al. (2021) Ojituksen vaikutus luonnon monimuotoisuuteen, il.. Suo - Mires and peat vol. 71 no. 1 artikkeli 10594
Laitinen J., Ojanen P. et al. (2021) Soiden kasvillisuus Suo - Mires and peat vol. 71 no. 1 artikkeli 10591