Kauko Salo

Luonnontilaisen rämeen ja rämemuuttumien sienilajistosta

Salo K. Luonnontilaisen rämeen ja rämemuuttumien sienilajistosta.

Tiivistelmä

Little research has been done in the field of mushroom flora in the Finnish peatland ecosystems. The mushrooms play an important role in the energy circulation, by producing and decomposing organic matter and by forming mycorrhiza with other plants, particularly with trees (Pinus syl-vestris and Betula pubescens). The computer analysis of the vegetation revealed several vegetational groups, here referred to as vegetation types, which differed distinctly from each other. Dominant species could be found, both from the bottom and field layers (Salo 1979). The moist vegetation types are represented by Sphagnum species and the dry vegetation types are represented by feather mosses and Eriophorum vaginatum (Table 1). This investigation was carried out during 1975 and 1976 at the Alkkia experimental area of the Parkano Forest Research Station in Central Finland. The material was obtained from 38 experimental plots, comprising a total area of 1,16 ha. During the work, a total of 16 843 fruit bodies were collected in 1975 and 10 362 specimens in 1976. From the in-vestigated area a total of 107 species of fungi were found during the growing seasons of 1975 and 1976 (Table 2). Frequent mycorrhizal species were Lactarius rufus, L. helvus, Russula emetica and Dermocybe cinnamomeolutea on the virgin dwarf-shrub pine bog and on the vegetation type of Sphagnum fuscum-Calluna (Table 1). Less frequent species were Suillus variegatus, S. flavidus, Inocybe boltonii, Dermocybe palustris and Corti-narius paleaceus. On the moist Sphagnum-sites and on hummocks saprophytic species Galerina tibiicystis, Omphalina ericetorum, Nematoloma udum, Collybia dryophila (light race), C. tuberosa, Cysto-derma amianthinum coll. and Mycena galopus were frequent. Uncommon were Galerina stagnina, Lyophyllum palustre, Rhodophyllus sp., Nematoloma elongatipes, Alnicola sp., Rhodocybe sp., Xeromphalina sp. and Strobilurus tenacellus (Table 2). 33 species of mushrooms grew on the moist Sphagnum-sites. Where the drainage is older, Pleurozium schreberi has become the dominant moss in the bottom layer. In these driest vegetation types (Pleurozium-Polytrichum commune-Calluna and Pleurozium-Ledum) 40 years after drainage (Table 1) the mushroom flora was abundant. Several species of mycorrhizal and saprophytic mushrooms typical for mineral soils and spruce mires occured, alltogether 92 species. 47 of the species (44,0 %) were mycorrhizal mushrooms and 60 (56,0 %) sapro phytic.

Vastaanotettu 31.10.2017 Julkaistu 1.1.1980

Katselukerrat 1158

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